Angular rate range is the maximum rotary rate for which the gyro is rated. If one product or series can be configured for different rates, then the range of maxima is listed.
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Angular bandwidth is the frequency range over which the device meets accuracy specifications before rolling off. Because gyros are almost always capable of DC response, only the high-frequency 3-dB rolloff point is included. This search returns only those devices with a rolloff frequency that exceeds the requirements.
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All matching products will have a value greater than or equal to the specified value.
Angular transverse sensitivity is the maximum output signal due to rotation about an axis orthogonal to the sensitive axis under consideration. It is expressed as a percentage of the orthogonal input angular velocity. Angular transverse sensitivity is a measure of imperfection. A perfect gyro would be insensitive to rotation in a direction exactly orthogonal to the sensitive direction, but no device is perfect.
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Angular linearity or rotary axis linearity is measured over an operating temperature range as a percentage (±) of full scale. It is sometimes referred to as linearity, non-linearity, or accuracy.
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Linear bandwidth is the frequency range over which the device meets its accuracy specifications. Accuracy is degraded at lower and lower frequencies unless the device is capable of DC response. Accuracy is also degraded at higher frequencies near resonance and beyond, where the output response rolls off. Typically, the stated frequencies are the 3-dB rolloff frequencies.
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User may specify either, both, or neither of the "At Least" and "No More Than" values. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
Linear transverse sensitivity is the maximum output signal due to acceleration along an axis orthogonal to the sensitive axis under consideration. It is expressed as a percentage of the orthogonal input angular acceleration. Linear transverse sensitivity is a measure of imperfection. A perfect accelerometer would be insensitive to rotation in a direction exactly orthogonal to the sensitive direction, but no device is perfect.
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Linear linearity is a measurement of the linear acceleration output that accounts for factors such as hysteresis, drift, and nonlinearity. It is expressed as a percentage (±) of full scale and sometimes called linearity, non-linearity, or accuracy.
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All matching products will have a value less than or equal to the specified value.
Device outputs include signals in serial, parallel, Ethernet or other digital formats which indicate a process variable. This includes process measurement, but not communication lines.
Devices output information using an industrial fieldbus protocol such as CANbus, PROFIBUS®, SERCOS, or other industrial automation protocol. PROFIBUS is a registered trademark of PROFIBUS International.
Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary control signals.
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Technology
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Optical gyros permit the reflection of a laser ray many times within an enclosure. If the enclosure rotates, the duration between the moment of laser emittance and eventual reception is different. With ring laser gyros (RLF), the laser reflection is achieved with mirrors inside the enclosure. With fiber optic gyros (FOG), the laser reflection is achieved with a coil of optical fiber. The laser emitter deteriorates over time, however, and the fiber is fragile and has a limited life.
Spinning mass gyros use a steadily-moving mass with a free-moving axis (gimbal). They are very fragile and require regular maintenance. When a spinning mass gyro is titled, the gyroscopic effect causes precession – motion orthogonal to the direction tilt sense – along the axis of the rotating mass, indicating that the angle has moved. Because mechanical constraints cause numerous error factors, the axis of a spinning mass gyro is usually fixed with springs. Spring tension is proportional to the precession speed.
Dry-tuned gyros or dynamically tuned gyros are spinning mass gyros that are designed to cause very small mechanical constraints once the spinning speed reaches the specified speed. A dynamically tuned gyro should not be confused with a gyrocompass, a large spinning-mass device that is made to rotate and maintain the same direction as the earth’s rotation. Gyrocompasses provide true north readings at all times, whereas dry-tuned gyros provide information about the relative change of angles.
Vibrating gyros use micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technology and a vibrating, quartz tuning-fork to measure Coriolis force. When rotated, a vibrating element (vibrating resonator) is subjected to the Coriolis Effect, causing secondary vibration orthogonal to the original vibrating direction. By sensing the secondary vibration, the gyro can detect the rate of turn.
Some vibrating gyros are called piezo, ceramic or quartz gyros because they use the piezo-electric effect to exert and detect vibration. Note, however, that vibration and detection do not necessarily use the piezo effect. Most piezo, ceramic, and quartz gyros are mass-produced and require little maintenance. Products that use a tuning fork or beam-shaped (often triangular) vibrating element with solid support to the base or case may not be able to distinguish between secondary vibration and external vibration. Dumpers that affect rotational motion only worsen the gyro’s response. As a result, some suppliers use a ring-shaped element that is suspended by spokes and vibrates up and down in a squeezed, oval-shaped motion. With this design, external vibration does not cause the squeezed, oval vibration mode. The lateral-only suspension from the surrounding spokes protects the element from linear vibrations and shocks regardless of how the gyro is strapped down to the base.
Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary angular technologies.
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Capacitance-based devices measure the variable capacitance between the support structure and the proof mass. The variable gap between the two is measured in a capacitance measurement circuit.
When an Eddy current probe comes close to the surface of a metal, circulating currents are generated in the sensor. The varying proximity of the sensor to the object results in a fluctuating output related to vibration.
Fiber optic elements are flexible strands of glass or plastic that transmit light along their length by maintaining the near-total internal reflection of the light, which is accepted at the input end.
Inductive position sensors are noncontact devices that determine an object's coordinates (linear or angular) with respect to a reference. Displacement is measured when the object moves from one position to another at a specified distance (or angle).
For strain gage devices, strain gages (strain-sensitive variable resistors) are bonded to parts of the structure that support the proof mass. Typically, these strain gages are used as elements in a Wheatstone bridge circuit, which is used to make the measurement.
Other unlisted, specialized, or linear technologies.
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Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) is a European Union (EU) directive that requires all manufacturers of electronic and electrical equipment sold in Europe to demonstrate that their products contain only minimal levels of the following hazardous substances: lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyl and polybrominated diphenyl ether. RoHS will become effective on July 1, 2006.
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Intrinsically safe (IS) describes equipment and wiring which is incapable of releasing sufficient electrical or thermal energy under normal or abnormal conditions to cause ignition of a specific hazardous atmospheric mixture in its most ignited concentration. The IS terminations and wiring may be brought into any hazardous location of any group classification for which it is accepted, without requiring explosion-proof housing or other means of protection.
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The inertial and gyro system is designed to measure linear velocity in addition to linear acceleration.
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The temperature range over which the device must operate.
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User may specify either, both, or neither of the limits in a "From - To" range; when both are specified, matching products will cover entire range. Products returned as matches will meet all specified criteria.
